Date |
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General African American Timeline |
Local Quaker & African American Timeline |
1920 |
Marcus Garvey holds a national convention of the Universal Improvement Association on August 1 in Harlem. |
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1920 |
Warren G. Harding, a Republican, is elected President of the United States on November 3. |
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1921 |
The Tulsa Race Riot takes place on May 31 to June 1 and results in the death of 39 to possibly 300 African Americans. Tulsa, Oklahoma's segregation ordinances were still in effect even though they were ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1917. Within the black community, prosperous neighborhoods and businesses had developed. But there was an active Klu Klux Klan organization in Tulsa and many lynchings had occurred. During the riot, the Greenwood District, known as 'the Black Wall Street' was burned to the ground. At the time, it was the wealthiest African-American community in the United States. There were 35 city blocks destroyed by fire, and an estimate of 10,000 left homeless. |
After 300 Klansmen parade in High Point, a local newspaper boasts that High Point has the "largest Klan in the entire country." |
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1922 |
At the national convention for the Republican Party in 1920, support for passage of an anti-lynching law was promised. Leonidas C. Dyer sponsored such a bill in 1921 that was passed by the U. S. House of Representatives in January 1922. The bill was, however, defeated by the Senate in December 1922 with a filibuster of Southern white Democratic Senators. |
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1923 |
President Warren Harding dies on August 3. He is succeeded by Vice President Calvin Coolidge. |
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1923 |
The Rosewood massacre |
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1924 |
Carnegie Negro Library on the campus of Bennett College at East Washington St. opens and boasts that it has 150 books. |
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1925 |
Malcolm X (Malcolm Little) is born on May 19 in Omaha, Nebraska. He would later become an African-American Muslim leader and human rights activist. |
J. R. Nocho, an early teacher and civic leader in Greensboro, has a newly developed middle-class African American neighborhood named for him. |
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1925 |
The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters is organized on August 25. It is the first labor organization to receive a charter from the American Federation of Labor (AFL). Civil rights leaders A. Philip Randolph becomes its first president and C. L. Dellums, the vice president. The union motto was "Fight or Be Slaves." |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brotherhood_of_Sleeping_Car_Porters |
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1925 |
African-American historian Daniel A. P. Murray, the Assistant Librarian of Congress, dies on March 31 in Washington, DC. |
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1927 |
Greensboro Negro Hospital opens on East Washington Street. It is the first major health facility for African-Americans in Greensboro and later would become L. Richardson Hospital. |
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1930 |
U.S. Census of 1930: |
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1930 |
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Total population................................................... |
122,775,046 |
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White....................................................... |
110,286,740 |
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Black......................................................... |
11,891,143 |
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American Indian....................................................... |
332,397 |
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Asian and Pacific Islander.................................................... |
264,766 |
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Percent distribution by |
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Total population................................................... |
100.0 |
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White....................................................... |
89.8 |
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Black......................................................... |
9.7 |
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American Indian....................................................... |
0.3 |
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Asian and Pacific Islander.................................................... |
0.2 |
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1931 |
The Scottsboro Boys case takes place in Alabama when nine African American teenagers are accused of rape. Between false accusations, attempted lynchings, posses, poor legal representation, prison escapes, and pardons by Governor George Wallace in 1976, this case had a long period of notoriety and controversy. |
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1933 |
The Greensboro branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People is established in Greensboro by African-American leaders |
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1937 |
A boycott of Greensboro movie theaters is led by Bennett College students after the owners refuse to show African American audiences anything other than stereotypical roles. |
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1937 |
Nocho Park, a nine hole golf course for African Americans, is opened in Greensboro and contains the new Windsor Community Center. |
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1939 |
Hayes-Taylor YMCA opens on East Market Street for African Americans. $50,000 was donated by Caesar Cone II with a request that it be named in honor of his African American butler, Andrew Taylor, and cook, Sallie Hayes. |
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1940 |
U.S. Census of 1940: |
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1940 |
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Total population................................................ |
131,669,275 |
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White....................................................... |
118,214,870 |
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Black......................................................... |
12,865,518 |
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American Indian..................................................... |
333,969 |
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Asian and Pacific Islander....................................... |
254,918 |
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White, Spanish mother tongue/1............................ |
1,861,400 |
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White, not of Spanish mother tongue/1.................. |
116,530,640 |
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Percent distribution by |
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Total population................................................. |
100.0 |
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White....................................................... |
89.8 |
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Black......................................................... |
9.8 |
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American Indian..................................................... |
0.3 |
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Asian and Pacific Islander....................................... |
0.2 |
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White, Spanish mother tongue/1............................ |
1.4 |
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White, not of Spanish mother tongue/1.................. |
88.5 |
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1947 |
Jackie Robinson breaks the color barrier in Major League Baseball when Branch Rickey signs him with the Brooklyn Dodgers. |
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1948 |
President Harry S. Truman issues Executive Order 9981 that abolishes racial discrimination in the armed forces. This eventually ended segregation in the services. A. Philip Randolph and Grant Reynolds had begun a renewed push for this with the formation of the Committee Against Jim Crow in Military Service and Training in 1947, the prior year. |
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